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It is an proxy is sometimes referred to as an application for a proxy server which acts as an intermediary between two parties: a server and a user on the internet. Without the proxy, the client would be able to make a request for a request directly to the server and the server would deliver the resource directly back to the user. Although this is a simple process to grasp and implement however, the addition of proxy servers can offer advantages such as increased performance, privacy, security as well as other benefits. As an additional pass-through layer, proxies act as a defender for the internet between clients and servers.

In general the mix of server hardware and proxy software is also often described as a proxy server. This article we'll focus on proxies typically considered to be software, specifically, in relation with web server. There will be a discussion of two types of proxies: a forward proxy and a reverse proxy. Each has its own specific usage situation, however they can be confused due to a similar namesake convention.

This article will give you an understanding of what proxies and subtypes of them are, as well as how they are useful for common setups. In this article, you'll learn how to discern the scenarios in which you can benefit by a proxy. You'll also be able to pick the best choice between forward and reverse proxy for each scenario.

Understanding Forward Proxies

The forward proxy often known as the open proxy is an agent for a user who is trying to transmit a request over the internet to a source server. In this case any attempts to send requests from the client are instead sent through the forward proxy. In this scenario, an agent acting on behalf of the forward proxy in in the place of the customer will look into the request. First, it will check if the client is allowed to send requests through this particular forward proxy. It then decides whether to reject any request or forward it to the server that made the request. The client does not have a access to internet in any way, it is only able to access the information the forward proxy allows the client access.

The primary reason for people to use forward proxy is for greater privacy or protection on the internet. Forward proxy utilizes web services as clients in this process it assigns an alternative IP address in addition to the IP address of your client.

Depending on how it's been set up in the past forward proxy servers may offer a range of features, allowing you to:

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  Avoid ad tracking.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find limitations based on your location.
  
  

Forward proxies may also be employed in systems that provide central security as well as permission-based access, such as in a workplace. If all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy, the administrators may restrict access to only certain clients to the internet through a common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for the client layer which may involve many machines with varying settings or users may be set up at the proxy layer that forwards.

Keep in mind the forward proxy configurations have to be manually setup before they are able to be used for use, while reverse proxies are able to not be observed by the user. Based on the type of IP address of the user, it is relayed to the server where it originated by the forward proxy privacy and anonymity may be granted or in the dark.

There are many possibilities to look into for forward proxies:

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  Apache The Apache is a well-known open-source web server that offers forward proxy features.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open-source server for web hosting that has the ability to forward-proxy.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy that utilizes the HTTP protocol. It's not the complete Web Server System. We recommend you to read our guide on how to set up a Squid proxy for private connections using Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy, which uses on the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which makes it more suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer connections. It is also possible to look into how to set up a Dante proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy serves in the role of an intermediary the web server and it takes the care of requests coming in from customers for the benefit of. This web server may serve as a single server, or a number of servers. It could also be an application-server, such as Gunicorn. In any of these scenarios the request will originate from a user on the internet as a whole. The request would typically be directly sent to the web server that holds all the resources that the client is seeking. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary that shields the webserver from direct interaction with the open internet.

From the perspective of the client's view of the user reverse proxy is similar to interacting with the server on its own. It's basically the same however the client is unable to tell the difference. The client requests a resource, and then receives it without any additional configuration on the part of the client.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  The web server is protected centrally.
  
  
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  The direction of traffic coming in is by rules that you create.
  
  
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  The caching functionality has been added to the app.
  
  

While central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy systems, reverse proxy providers apply offer this feature only to the layer of the internet server not the layer that clients use. instead of maintaining firewalls at Web server layers, which could contain multiple servers with different configurations, the bulk of firewall security can be concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing of the responsibility of interacting with firewalls and interacting with client requests outside of web servers allows firewalls to concentrate on providing resources.

If there are several servers that are operating as a reverse proxy and the reverse proxy determines the method by which requests are routed to which server. There are many web servers operating on one server each offering different types of resource or a combination of the two. These servers use the HTTP protocol just like a standard web server, but may also include applications server protocols like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy to direct clients to specific servers according to the kind of resource they are seeking or to adhere to certain guidelines regarding the load of traffic.

Reverse proxies may benefit from their position above web servers by virtue of caching. The large static files can be arranged using caching rules to prevent hitting web servers with each request. Some options allowing users to serve directly static files without having to connect with the server at all. Additionally, the reverse proxy can manage compressing these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server also functions as a well-known reverse proxy solution. It is real that Apache web server is equipped with a reverse proxy function, it's a feature available only for Apache however Nginx was designed originally for and is focused on reverse proxy features.

Differentiating Forward and reverse proxy Use Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use

Because "forward" along with "reverse" have connotations of directionality and misleading analogies to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic The labels could be confusing since both types of proxy handle responses and requests. The best method to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy is to analyze the specifications of the application that you're developing.

Reverse proxy is an effective tool when you are designing a solution to deliver web-based applications via the internet. They act as your web servers every time you use the internet.

Forward proxy can be useful for showing clients to show for personal use or in a working environment. They are a representation of information about the client when you use the internet.

Separating by use case instead of using the same names will ensure that you won't be confused.

Conclusion

This article explains the definition of a proxy with the two main types, namely the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical examples of use and a discussion of the most useful attributes were used to determine the difference between forward and reverse proxies. If you're interested in learning more about the possibilities of proxy servers, you must check out our guide on how to set up Nginx as a reverse proxy to Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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